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Protective effects of synbiotic application on immune response and oxidative stress of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) against salinity stress
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Golbahar Zeitounli   , Hadi Raisi , Hossein Adineh * , Mohammad Harsij , Mohammad Farhangi |
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Abstract: (27 Views) |
This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of synbiotic (Basibus subtilis and inulin) in the diet on the physiological performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) against oxidative stress caused by salinity stress. The experiment was conducted in two stages; in the first stage, fish were placed in 12 tanks (4 treatments, each with 3 replicates) and fed with different levels of synbiotic (mixture of 2.5 × 1011 cfu/g of probiotic Bacillus subtilis and 2.5, 5 and 10 g of prebiotic inulin) for 8 weeks in treatments (S1S, S2S and S3S) and a control treatment without synbiotic (S0S), respectively. In the second stage, all fish fed with different levels of synbiotic were subjected to salinity stress at a concentration of 15 g/L for 21 days. Blood plasma samples of tilapia were collected at the end of salinity stress to measure immune factors, stress indices and antioxidant capacity. The results showed that the plasma lysozyme and complement activities were significantly higher in the S3S and S2S treatments than S0S. Total immunoglobulin significantly increased in the S3S treatment (27.37 ± 1.45 mg/ml) compared to the control treatment (19.52 ± 1.15 mg/ml). Stress indices (cortisol, glucose, AST and ALT) increased significantly in the control treatment compared to other experimental treatments. After salinity stress, plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased, while plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased significantly in S3S treatment. Catalase enzyme concentration did not differ between experimental treatments. Based on the results obtained, the synbiotic was able to show protective effects against salinity stress, therefore, the use of a mixture of 2.5 × 1011 cfu/g of Bacillus subtilis and 5 and 10 g of inulin (S2S and S3S) is recommended for Nile tilapia.
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| Keywords: Synbiotic, Blood Physiology, Nile Tilapia, Salinity Stress, Oxidative Stress |
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2025/02/4 | Accepted: 2025/03/1 | Published: 2025/09/26
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