fa تاثیر پودر گلبرگ زعفران (Crocus Sativus) بر عملکرد رشد و برخی فاکتورهای ایمنی موکوس پوست ماهی قزل‌آلای رنگین کمان (Oncorhynchus mykiss) تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">هدف از مطالعه حاضر، بررسی پتانسیل استفاده از </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">پودر گلبرگ زعفران بر عملکرد رشد و پارامتر&shy;های ایمنی‌ ذاتی </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">موکوس بچه&shy;ماهیان قزل&shy;آلای رنگین&shy;کمان بود</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. بدین منظور، </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تعداد 600 قطعه بچه&shy;ماهی قزل&shy;آلای رنگین&shy;کمان با میانگین وزن 19/0 </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">&plusmn;</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> 6/6 گرم به&shy;طور تصادفی در چهار گروه آزمایشی توزیع و به مدت 8 هفته با جیره&shy;های حاوی غلظت&shy;های 0، 5/0، 1 و 2 درصد پودر خام گلبرگ زعفران تغذیه شدند.</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> نتایج نشان داد تغذیه بچه&shy;ماهیان قزل&shy;آلای رنگین&shy;کمان با جیره حاوی 5/0 درصد پودر گلبرگ زعفران منجر به بهبود معنی&shy;داری در شاخص&shy;های رشد شامل افزایش وزن بدن، ضریب رشد ویژه و ضریب چاقی در مقایسه با گروه شاهد شد. در&shy;حالی&shy;که، غلظت&shy;های بالاتر (5/1 و 2 درصد) تاثیر معنی&shy;داری بر عملکرد رشد ماهی نداشت</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="background:yellow"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">آنالیز شاخص&shy;های ایمنی ذاتی موکوس پوست نیز نشان داد که</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">فعالیت آنزیم لیزوزیم با افزایش غلظت پودر گلبرگ زعفران در جیره افزایش یافت</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">، به&shy;طوری&shy;که بالاترین میزان شاخص فوق در تیمار&shy;های تغذیه&shy;شده با جیره حاوی 2 درصد پودر گلبرگ زعفران مشاهد شد</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">.</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> همچنین بالاترین میزان فعالیت همآگلوتیناسیون و فعالیت ضد&shy;باکتریایی در برابر دو باکتری بیماری&shy;زای رایج در آبزی&shy;پروری شامل </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">باکتری </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">یرسینیا روکری </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و آئروموناس هیدروفیلا</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> نیز مربوط</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> به تیمار تغذیه&shy;شده با جیره حاوی 2 درصد پودر گلبرگ زعفران بود.</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بنابراین، گلبرگ زعفران به ویژه در غلظت 5/0 درصد امکان استفاده به عنوان یک محرک رشد و&nbsp; سیستم ایمنی با منشا طبیعی، ارزان قیمت، موثر و سازگار با محیط زیست در مزارع پرورش ماهی قزل&shy;آلای رنگین&shy;کمان جهت ارتقا سطح سلامت آبزی و افزایش مقاومت در برابر عفونت&shy;های باکتریایی شایع از جمله بیماری&shy;های دهان قرمزی و سپتی سمی هموراژیک باکتریایی را دارد.</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The </span></span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">aim</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> of this study was to investigate the potential of using saffron petal powder on the growth performance and innate immune parameters of the skin mucus of rainbow trout.</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> For this purpose, 600 rainbow trout juvenile (6.6 &plusmn; 0.19 g) were randomly divided into four experimental groups and fed with diets containing 0, 0.5, 1 and 2% raw powder of saffron petals for 8 weeks. The results showed that feeding juvenile with a diet containing 0.5% saffron petal powder led to a significant improvement in growth indicators including gain weight, specific growth rate and factor condition compared to the control group. The results showed that the juvenile fed with a diet containing 0.5% saffron petal powder led to a significant improvement in growth indicators incliding </span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">weight gain, specific growth rate and condition factore <span bzar="" class="fontstyle01" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal"><span style="font-style:normal"><b><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">feed conversion ratio</span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></b><span calibri="" class="Heading2Char" light="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#2e74b5"><b> </b></span></span><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">compared to the control group, while, higher concentrations (1.5 and 2%) had no significant effect on the growth performance. The analysis of the innate immune parameters of the skin mucus also showed lysozyme enzyme had a dose-dependent increase, so that its highest level was observed in the treatments fed with ration containing 2% saffron petal powder. The analysis of the innate immune parameters of the skin mucus also showed that the lysozyme enzyme had a dose-dependent increase, so that its highest level was observed in the treatments fed with a diet containing 2% saffron petal powder. </span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Also, the highest level of hemagglutination activity and antibacterial activity against two common pathogenic bacteria in aquaculture, including <i><span style="background:yellow">Yersinia rookeri</span></i><span style="background:yellow"> and <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i></span>, was related to the treatment fed with a diet containing 2% saffron petal powder. </span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Therefore, saffron petal powder, especially at a concentration of 0.5%, has the potential to be used as a growth and immune stimulant with natural origin, </span></span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">cost-effective, efficient, and eco-friendly immunostimulant</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> in rainbow trout farms to improve the level of aquatic health and increase resistance to common bacterial infections, including </span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">enteric redmouth disease</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> and bacterial </span></span></span></span></b><em><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-style:normal">hemorrhagic septicemia</span></span></span></span></b></em><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">.</span></span></span></span></b><b> </b></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; ایمنی, رشد, قزل‌آلای رنگین‌کمان,گلبرگ زعفران, موکوس immune, growth, rainbow trout, saffron petals, mucus 53 64 http://jair.gonbad.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-351-3&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Maryam Tala مریم طلا talaazad29@gmail.com 10031947532846008354 10031947532846008354 Yes 1- Department Of Fisheries, Qeshm Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qeshm, Iran گروه شیلات، واحد قشم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قشم، ایران Sajjad Pormozaffar سجاد پورمظفر sajjad5550@gmail.com 10031947532846008355 10031947532846008355 No Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bandar-e- Lengeh, Iran. ایستگاه تحقیقات نرمتنان خلیج فارس، پژوهشکده اکولوژی خلیج فارس و دریای عمان، موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی. بندرلنگه، ایران