fa تغییرات پارامترهای جمعیتی براساس طول ماهی حلوا سیاه (Parastromateus niger ( Bloch, 1795 طی دهه های گذشته در آبهای شمالی دریای عمان (استان سیستان و بلوچستان) تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="tab-stops:154.3pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">هدف این تحقیق شامل </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">بررسی وضعیت صید، شاخص های صیادی </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">و خصوصیات جمعیتی ماهی حلوا سیاه براساس طول طی دهه های گذشته</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">در محدوده مورد مطالعه می باشد.</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">بررسی وضعیت برداشت آبزیان می تواند ابزار مهم مدیران و برنامه ریزان شیلاتی برای مدیریت بهتر و پایدار در ذخایر آبزیان بوده و بایستی بیشتر به آن توجه داشت.</span></span></span>&nbsp; <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">طی سال های 1371 و 1401 تعداد 2469 عدد ماهی بیومتری (زیست سنجی) گردید( تعداد 864 عدد&nbsp; در سال 1371 و 1605 عدد در سال 1401) &nbsp;و </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">میانگین طولی (</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">&plusmn;</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">حدود اطمینان 95% ) ماهی حلوا سیاه در سال 1371 میزان 5</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">&plusmn;</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">39 (44-34) سانتی متر و در سال 1401 میزان 8</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">&plusmn;</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">36 (44-28) سانتی متر بود. </span></span></span>&nbsp;<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">میانگین وزنی (</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">&plusmn;</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">حدود اطمینان 95% ) ماهی حلوا سیاه در سال 1371 میزان 570</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">&plusmn;</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">1560 (2130-990) </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">گرم</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""> و در سال 1401 میزان</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">750</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">&plusmn;</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">1310 (2060-560) گرم بدست آمد.</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""> رابطه طول چنگالی و وزن بدن</span></span><b> </b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">برای سال 1371&nbsp; </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">(86/0=</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt">R²</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">، 731=</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt">N</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">)^56/2</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt">L</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""> 13/0=</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt">W</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""> و سال 1401 (95/0=</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt">R²</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">، 691=</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt">N</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">)^74/2</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt">L</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""> 06/0=</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt">W</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""> بدست آمد<b> </b>و<b> </b></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">میزان </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt">b</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""> رابطه طول و وزن نشانه دهنده رشد آلومتریک (ناهمسان) بود. </span></span>&nbsp;<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">معادله وان‌‌برتالنفی برای این گونه در استان سیستان و بلوچستان</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""> در سال 1371 و 1401</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">به ترتیب بصورت:</span></span> <span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt">L_t =74</span> <span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt">(1- exp (-0.41 (t +0.31))</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""> و&nbsp; </span></span>&nbsp;<span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt">L_t =66</span> <span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt">(1- exp (-0.59 (t +0.22))</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""> محاسبه شد</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">.</span></span> &nbsp;<span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">حداکثر محصول پایدار (</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">MSY</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">) و نسبت بیوماس فعلی به بیوماس اولیه (</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">B/B_V or B/B₀</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">) در سال های 1371 و 1401&nbsp; به ترتیب 313 تن، 34/0 و 3361 تن، 43/0 برآورد شد. نسبت پتانسیل مولدین براساس طول<b> </b></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">در سال 140</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">1</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""> این نسبت ( </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">31/0- 24/0)</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""> 28/0 </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">&nbsp;و در سال 1371 این عدد </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">( </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">21/0- 13/0)</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""> 17/0 </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">&nbsp;بدست آمد. </span></span>&nbsp;<span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">کاهش میانگین طول، میانگین وزن، </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">میزان ضریب بهره‌ برداری، </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">شاخص مرگ و میر صیادی موجود به مرگ و میر صیادی حداکثر محصول پایدار</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""> (1</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">F/F_MSY</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt">></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">) و &nbsp;نسبت بیوماس فعلی به بیوماس اولیه (</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">B/B_V or B/B₀</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">) </span></span>&nbsp;<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">می تواند دلیلی بر وجود صید بی‌رویه باشد. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <br> &nbsp; <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124">The purpose of this research is to investigate the fishing situation, fishing indicators and population characteristics of </span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124">this species</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124"> fish in the study area based on length during the past decades. Investigating of stock status can be an important tool for fisheries managers and planners for better and sustainable management of aquatic resources and should be given more attention. During the years of this study</span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124">) </span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124">1992</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124"> and 2022</span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124">(</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124">, 2469 fish were measured and the average length </span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(&plusmn;95% confidence limits) </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124">of </span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">black</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> pomfret</span></span></span> <span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124">fish in 1992</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124"> and 2022</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124"> was 39&plusmn;5 (34-44) cm and</span></span></span></span> <span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124">36&plusmn;8 (28-44) cm</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124">, respectively</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124">.</span></span></span></span> <span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124">The average weight </span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(&plusmn;95% confidence limits) </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124">of this species was 1560 </span></span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124">&plusmn;570</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124"> (990-2130) grams in 1992 and 1310</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124">&plusmn;750</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124"> (560-2060) grams in 2022.</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124"> The relationship between fork length and body weight for the year 1992, W=0.13*L^2.56 (R2=0.86, N=731) and the year 2022, W=0.6*L^2.74 (R2=0.95, N=691) was obtained and the amount b of the relationship between length and weight was an indication of allometric growth.</span></span></span> <span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124">Vonbertalanffy equation for this species </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:#f8f9fa"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">in the northern waters of the Oman Sea (Sistan and Baluchistan Province) </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124">was calculated in 1992 and 2022 respectively as: Lt =74 (1-exp (-0.41 (t +0.31)) and Lt =66 (1-exp (-0.59 (t +0.22))). The maximum sustainable yield (MSY) and the ratio of current biomass to initial biomass (B/BV or B/B0) in 1992 and 2022 were estimated as 313 tons, 0.34 and 3361 tons, 0.43, respectively. The ratio of spawning potential based on length in 2022 and 1992 were 0.28 (0.24-0.31) and 0.17 (0.13-0.21), respectively. Decrease of the average length, average weight, exploitation rate, the fishing mortality to the fishing mortality of the maximum sustainable yield (F/FMSY >1) and the ratio of current biomass to initial biomass (B/BV or B/B0), can be a reason for overfishing</span></span></span><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"></span></b></span></span></span> ماهی حلوا سیاه , نسبت پتانسیل مولدین , معادله وان‌‌برتالنفی. Parastromateus niger, Spawning potential ratio, Vonbertalanffy equation. 31 40 http://jair.gonbad.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-522-2&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Mastooreh Doustdar مسطوره دوستدار mastooreh.doustdar@gmail.com 10031947532846008931 10031947532846008931 Yes - Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran. موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران . Seyed Ahmadreza Hashemi سید احمد رضا هاشمی seyedahmad91@gmail.com 10031947532846008932 10031947532846008932 No Offshore Fisheries Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Chabahar, Iran. مرکز تحقیقات شیلاتی آبهای دور، موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، چابهار، ایران .کد پستی 9971779417.